When the computer is so busy elsewhere that it can’t deal with audio, it makes a “withdrawal” from the buffer instead so it can go deal with other things. Even the most powerful processor can do only so many millions of calculations per second when it’s busy scanning its keyboard and mouse, checking its ports, moving data in and out of RAM, sending out video data, and more, you can understand why it sometimes has a hard time keeping up.Īs a result, the computer places some of the incoming audio from your guitar, voice, keyboard, or other signal source in a buffer, which is like a “savings account” for your input signal. Furthermore, the computer introduces delays as well.
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In addition to converting your “analog world” signal to digital data, pieces of software called drivers have the job of taking the data generated by an analog-to-digital converter and inserting it into the computer’s data stream. However, with computers, there’s much more going on. There may also be a slight delay due to processing time within the processor.īecause sound travels at about 1 foot (30 cm) per millisecond, the delay of doing analog/digital/analog conversion is about the same as if you moved a little over a foot away from a speaker, which isn’t a problem. Converting an analog signal to digital takes about 600 microseconds at 44.1kHz converting back into analog takes approximately the same amount, for a “round trip” latency of about 1.2 milliseconds. This is true even if you’re going through a string of analog processors.īut if you play through a digital signal processor, like a digital multieffects, there will be a very slight delay called latency-so small that you probably won’t notice it, but it’s there. Musicians are used to an instant response: Hit a string, hit a key, strike a drum, or blow into a wind instrument, and you hear a sound.
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